Infancy and Toddlerhood:
Motor Development:
There are two different types of motor development: Fine Motor and Large Motor skills.
Fine Motor skills is when a child uses their fingers, thumbs, hands, and wrists to do something. An example of this would be grasping something or reaching. Large Motor skills is when an infant/toddler walks, climbs, crawls, etc. Some things to help your child with fine motor skills is finger painting! An idea for large motor skills is kicking a little ball around if they are able to walk (Woolfolk & Perry, 2012). Here is cite that has multiple ideas on fine motor skills: http://pinterest.com/caseywaid/fine-motor-skills-infants-toddlers-preschoolers/ Large motor skills: http://pinterest.com/search/pins/?q=large+motor+skills |
Cognitive Development:
The term "cognitive" means knowledge. This development has to do with the way children learn and think. Children learn things by imitating their parents. This goes along with deferred imitation, which is when a child experiences something, and remembers it after 24 hours and imitates it. This happens with children from 14-24 months old. For example, In the picture on the left the children have learned that if they shake the maracas that it will make noise (Woolfolk & Perry, 2012)
Certain board games, toys, sensory/motor games, and verbal games can help with a child's cognitive development (Anonymous, 2007). |
Emotional Development:
Emotional Development in infants and toddlers are very important for the rest of their lives. Adult-child interaction is very good for a child's emotional development. Infant's using social referencing which "is the ability to search for and use the emotional signals of others to guide their behavior in new situations." This means that a child understand's their caregiver's emotion and can feed off of that. This can also be called emotional referencing (Woolfolk & Perry, 2012).
This website below can help enhance an infant's emotional development: http://www.parents.com/baby/development/social/activities-to-encourage-emotional-development-6-9-months/#page=1 It says to talk to your baby with facial expressions, make eye contact with your child, respect your child's feelings, etc. It gives you tips on how to help emotional development! |
Social Development:
Infants and toddlers are known to be sociable in the first three of their lives. This is one of the most important developments in a child's life. A child needs to be with children their age even when they are infants and toddlers. These interactions are very good for them to experience so they can build relationships, this builds curiosity. Prosocial development is when a child is helping or comforting a peer when they are in distress (Woolfolk & Perry, 2012).
How to help your child's social development is to set them up on play dates, and let them interact with all ages. To see more tips look at the website below! http://www.parents.com/toddlers-preschoolers/development/activities-for-social-development/#page=1 |
Language Development:
One of the most important factors of life is language development. Language development also means any type of communication, including sign language, gestures, body movements, etc. Infants understand tones and certain sounds when they are only at the "cooing" stages. Children start talking more when they are 12-18 months old, and this is called the language explosion stage. Below is a graph that shows language development (Woolfolk & Perry, 2012).
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Here is a website that gives tips about how to help your child's language development:
http://creativeconnectionsforkids.com/2011/03/lets-talk-encouraging-language-development/ It gives ideas like extending your child's words in sentences, when you point to objects state what they are, sing songs, and lots more (Let’s talk ~, 2011). |
Article:
Pacifier Use Can Lead to Emotional Problems in Boys:
"The emotional development of baby boys may be damaged if they use pacifiers, because using these common objects actually stops babies from experimenting with facial expressions when they are very young."
It is more common in boys, but this article was about how putting a pacifier in a child's mouth limits them from using facial expressions, which connects to emotional development. Because of this, toddler's don't get the emotional development they needs because parents use pacifiers too often. It is said that babies also will have a hard time understand facial expressions.
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/250405.php
It is more common in boys, but this article was about how putting a pacifier in a child's mouth limits them from using facial expressions, which connects to emotional development. Because of this, toddler's don't get the emotional development they needs because parents use pacifiers too often. It is said that babies also will have a hard time understand facial expressions.
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/250405.php
Bibliography:
Cover Photo: Gonzalez , R. (2012). Infants can distinguish speech from nonsense as early as 9 months. Retrieved from http://io9.com/5926946/infants-can-distinguish-speech-from-nonsense-as-early-as-9-months
Anonymous. (2007). Cognitive development activities for 3 to 5 year olds. WordPress. Retrieved from http://littlechildren.wordpress.com/2007/11/29/cognitive-development-activities-for-3-to-5-year-olds/2007
Anonymous. (2010). Developmental baby walker. Jolly Bambini Retrieved from http://www.jollybambini.co.uk/Baby_walker.asp
(2011). Let’s talk ~ encouraging language development. Creative Connections for Kids. Retrieved from http://creativeconnectionsforkids.com/2011/03/lets-talk-encouraging-language-development/
Anonymous. (2012). Speech development chart. Wee Talk Speech & Language Services of Reading, PA. Retrieved from http://www.happybeingtrevy.com/2012/02/speech-development-chart-pinterest-find.html
Anonymous. (2013). The nj first steps infant toddler initiative. NJACCRRA. Retrieved from http://www.njaccrra.org/firstSteps.shtml
Anonymous. (2013b). Musical shorter. Taf Toys. Retrieved from http://www.taftoys.com/view.php?itemid=10865
Loehr, J., & Meyers, J. (2013). Activities to enhance bab'ys emotional development: 6-9 months. Meredith Corporation. Retrieved from http://www.parents.com/baby/development/social/activities-to-encourage-emotional-development-6-9-months/
Woolfolk, A., & Perry, N. (2012). Child and adolescent development. Pearson Education.
Anonymous. (2007). Cognitive development activities for 3 to 5 year olds. WordPress. Retrieved from http://littlechildren.wordpress.com/2007/11/29/cognitive-development-activities-for-3-to-5-year-olds/2007
Anonymous. (2010). Developmental baby walker. Jolly Bambini Retrieved from http://www.jollybambini.co.uk/Baby_walker.asp
(2011). Let’s talk ~ encouraging language development. Creative Connections for Kids. Retrieved from http://creativeconnectionsforkids.com/2011/03/lets-talk-encouraging-language-development/
Anonymous. (2012). Speech development chart. Wee Talk Speech & Language Services of Reading, PA. Retrieved from http://www.happybeingtrevy.com/2012/02/speech-development-chart-pinterest-find.html
Anonymous. (2013). The nj first steps infant toddler initiative. NJACCRRA. Retrieved from http://www.njaccrra.org/firstSteps.shtml
Anonymous. (2013b). Musical shorter. Taf Toys. Retrieved from http://www.taftoys.com/view.php?itemid=10865
Loehr, J., & Meyers, J. (2013). Activities to enhance bab'ys emotional development: 6-9 months. Meredith Corporation. Retrieved from http://www.parents.com/baby/development/social/activities-to-encourage-emotional-development-6-9-months/
Woolfolk, A., & Perry, N. (2012). Child and adolescent development. Pearson Education.